Spinal fusion is a procedure that permanently converges two or more vertebrae in the patient’s spine. Doctors recommend this for patients suffering from spinal instability, degenerative disc condition, or spinal deformations. When conservative treatments fail to relieve symptoms, a backbone specialist may advise spinal fusion as part of a long-term solution. Understanding the procedure, potential complications, and expected recovery is crucial for anyone considering this treatment.
When Is Spinal Fusion Surgery Recommended?
Doctors usually recommend spinal fusion when other options have not provided relief. Patients experiencing chronic back pain due to structural problems, such as spondylolisthesis, scoliosis, or spinal fractures, may be suitable candidates for surgery. They also perform this procedure to stabilise the spine after extracting a damaged disc or tumour.
A backbone specialist will perform diagnostic imaging and a clinical evaluation before suggesting this procedure. Spinal fusion sometimes treats nerve compression that causes numbness, tingling, or leg weakness. The main goal is to reduce pain by eliminating abnormal motion between vertebrae, but it is essential to understand that not all patients will experience complete symptom relief.
The Spinal Fusion Procedure
Spinal fusion surgery merges two or more vertebrae with the use of bone grafts, screws, and metal plates or rods. The bone graft can come from the patient (autograft), a donor (allograft), or a synthetic material. The surgeon positions the material between the affected vertebrae so the bones develop together to form a single piece.
The procedure may be performed through the back (posterior), the front (anterior), or a combination of both approaches. The method depends on the affected part of the spine and the specific condition being treated. A backbone specialist will determine the appropriate surgical technique and graft type based on the patient’s health and spine anatomy. Hospital stays usually last between two to five days, and the patient is encouraged to begin walking shortly after surgery under supervision.
Potential Risks and Complications
Like all surgeries, spinal fusion carries potential risks. Common complications include infection, blood clots, nerve damage, or bleeding. There is also the possibility that the bones do not fuse properly, a condition known as non-union. This may require additional surgery. Some patients also report adjacent segment disease, where the spinal levels above or below the fusion site begin to degenerate over time due to added stress.
It’s important to discuss these risks in detail with your backbone specialist. Awareness of the likelihood of complications and the steps to minimise them can help improve surgical outcomes. Smoking, in particular, is known to hinder bone healing and should be avoided.
Recovery Timeline and Rehabilitation
Recovery from spinal fusion surgery can take months, depending on each patient. Most return to light activity within 4 to 6 weeks, but full recovery may take up to a year, depending on age, health status, and the complexity of the surgery. Doctors usually prescribe physical therapy to strengthen muscles, improve flexibility, and gradually restore movement.
Doctors advise patients in early recovery to avoid heavy lifting, twisting movements, and prolonged sitting. A follow-up schedule is typically set to monitor fusion progress using imaging studies. The success of spinal fusion often relies on post-surgical discipline. A gradual and structured rehabilitation plan increases the chances of long-term pain relief and improved mobility.
Spinal Fusion Surgery Cost in Singapore
Spinal fusion surgery costs in Singapore vary on several factors, including hospital class, surgeon’s fees, type of implants used, and length of hospital stay. Costs in private hospitals may range from $25,000 to $45,000. Public hospitals offer subsidised rates, especially for Singaporeans or permanent residents. It’s crucial to check with your insurance provider about coverage and limits, as not all policies cover the full amount.
Besides the surgical cost, patients should also account for pre-surgical consultations, diagnostic imaging, post-operative physiotherapy, and follow-up appointments. A backbone specialist will usually provide a detailed breakdown during the treatment planning stage to help patients prepare financially.
Conclusion
Spinal fusion can suit those with chronic spinal conditions who have exhausted conservative treatments. The procedure aims to stabilise the spine and reduce pain but requires careful evaluation, an understanding of risks, and a committed recovery process. If you’re considering this procedure, consult a backbone specialist to determine if spinal fusion is the right course of action based on your condition.
Need expert guidance on spinal conditions or surgery options? Contact Achieve Spine & Orthopaedic Centre today to schedule a consultation with an experienced specialist.
